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The Elements

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Faces of Womanspirit
by Katherine Torres, Ph.D.

The Celtic Three Realm Concept

Alexei Kondratiev articulates the three realms of Celtic Paganism in the book, The Apple Branch, "It is traditional to see a threefold division of the world vertically along the axis of the World Tree. Above us is Sky (nemos), whence comes our light and everything that promotes clarity and understanding, and where we place the original home of the gods of the Tribe: this is the realm of order and permanence, of everything that promotes and sustains cultural values. Below us, encircling the Earth and supporting it, is the realm of Sea (mori), which merges with the watery Underworld: the realm of darkness and chaos, but also of all fertility; the home of the "antigods" who own the mysteries of Death and Life, and the home of the ancestors. Where we ourselves stand is the four-sided Earth (terres, talamu), the meeting-place of Above and Below, and where it is our task to balance out the contradictory influences of the two other realms so that we may survive and prosper."

According to the Ord Draiochta Na Uisnech website, "The Sea is the time before time, when we are not born. All life comes from the Sea. It is where we go at death; it is the source of Dreams and Inspiration. It is the realm that is traveled over to get anyplace when coming from or going to Ireland.

The Land is the here-now. It is this moment, life, and creation, all that is around us. It is fertility, conscious thought, the Universe. All science fits into the realm of the Land, for it is all concerned with the physical realm.

The Sky is the dwelling place of the Gods, the super-conscious, logic and thought. It is where logical ideas come from, and it is a place we hope to gain eventually, to become one with the Gods. It is also where Divine Inspiration comes from."

All four tarot cards were created by Christopher Taylor Graphic Design

Spears

Swords

Cauldrons

Stones

The Four Treasures

Where most Pagans follow the concept of things classified as being governed by earth, air, fire or water, the Celts tend to classify things as belonging in one of the triad of land, sea and sky.  Some Pagans confuse the traditional Greek four elements with the four treasures of the Tuatha de Danaan -- The Spear of Lugh, the Sword of Nuadu Airgetlam, the Cauldron of the Dagda and the Stone of Fal.  There's a good explanation of this in Alexei Kondratiev's The Apple Branch:

They are... very reminiscent of the four instruments -- wand, sword, cup and pentacle -- of the magician in the ceremonial magic tradition, which serve as the four suits of the Tarot.  These represent the Classical elements of fire, air, water and earth, and the human faculties that correspond to each. There is little evidence to suggest that the theory of the elements was a part of Celtic consciousness before the Medieval period; yet it is possible to find elemental correspondences for the cities and their Treasures: the names of Goirias and Muirias clearly associate them with fire and water respectively, and Failias ('the enclosure'), the place of the Stone, easily stands for earth, which leaves Findias to represent air (in the guise of 'sky'). That these correspondences by and large agree with the ceremonial magic ones can be both a help and hindrance to circle members who have previous experience of such traditions. On the one hand, the images of the Treasures and their basic significance will have a familiar feel about them from the start, allowing immediate identification with their functions; on the other hand, their quarter-attributions are completely different, and the symbolic system they articulate is based ultimately not on elemental theory but on the Tribe-Land ideology...

Spear = West = First Function

Sword = North = Second Function

Cauldron = East = Third Function

Stone = South = "Fourth" Function, Land

Each of the Treasures must be wielded by a divine agent in order to be effective, so we will, in ritual, put them in the care of the God of the corresponding function. The Spear belongs to the Many Gifted Lord (or Lord of Illumination), the trickster-god who wins by magic and guile rather than by brute strenght, but who also, because of his superior knowledge of all things, serves as champion and arbiter of society as a whole (this, of course, is Lugus/Lugh in Celtic Tradition). The Sword belongs to the Lord of Battles, the defender of the Tribe, skilled in fighting but also in healing, the guardian of the borders of the settled world. The Cauldron (although it is, originally, an attribute of the Land-goddess) belongs to the Lord of Riches, the fat God of material comfort, who is the direct recipient of the Land's fertility, and can share it with the Tribe and translate it into wealth. And the Stone, which draws to itself and grounds the powers of the three functions, belongs, of course, to the Land-goddess herself, the Great Mother on whom all creatures depend for sustenance, the supreme reality of life on this plane.

Bendithion Afallon

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